Monitoring and forecasting the UK climate and its meteorological changes with analysis

UK Climate Forecasting and Analysis

Climate Change   UK Weather   North Atlantic   Reports & Analysis   Jet Stream   Flooding   Air Quality

Vice-Admiral Robert Fitzroy was the founder of the UK Met Office which was formed in 1854. It is the UK’s National Weather Service operating from Exeter which is in the beautiful county of Devon. Not all its staff of about 1700 work in Devon but are spread throughout the world in 60 locations. Since 2016 it is part of the Department for Business Energy and Industrial Strategy. In December 2018 Penelope Endersby took over as Chief Executive. The organisation is the world’s leader in providing accurate weather forecasting and research into climate change which it has been doing for more than 20 years. The men and women who work for the Met Office provide a vast array of services which benefit mankind.

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This website will examine the climate of the United Kingdom together with its weather conditions. Our climate is part of a global pattern of weather travelling to our shores across the North Atlantic with the aid of the high altitude jet streams of air. Most of the data will be supplied by the UK and the Icelandic Met Offices and by the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.

Climate in a narrow sense is usually defined as the "average weather" or more rigorously as the statistical description in terms of the mean and variability of relevant quantities over a period ranging from months to thousands or millions of years. The classical period is 30 years as defined by the World Meteorological Organisation. These quantities are most often surface variables such as temperature precipitation and wind.

Latest Climate News from Sky

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Grantham Institute on Climate Change and Environment

NOAA Assessing the global climate in February 2025

Copernicus Monthly Climate Bulletins

World Meteorological Organisation on Climate

Met Office Climate Newsletter

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration was formed on the 3 October 1970 to amalgamate the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey the Weather Survey and the U.S. Commission Fish and Fisheries.

UK Climate Forecast  38 Union Street  Grantham  NG31 6NZ   Disclaimer    Email

The Icelandic Met Office is a public institution under the auspices of the Ministry for the Environment and Natural Resources historically based on the Icelandic Met Office and the Icelandic Hydrological Survey. The two institutions merged in 2009. The Icelandic Met Office has 135 full-time employees.

February 2025 was the third warmest February globally, with an average ERA5 surface air temperature of 13.36°C, 0.63°C above the 1991-2020 average for February, and only marginally warmer, by 0.03°C, than the fourth warmest of 2020.February 2025 was 1.59°C above the estimated 1850-1900 average used to define the pre-industrial level and was the 19th month in the last 20 months for which the global-average surface air temperature was more than 1.5°C above the pre-industrial level. The average temperature over European land for February 2025 was 0.44°C, 0.40°C above the 1991-2020 average for February, ranking it well outside the 10 warmest months of February for Europe. The average sea surface temperature (SST) for February 2025 over 60°S–60°N was 20.88°C, the second-highest value on record for the month, 0.18°C below the February 2024 record. Arctic sea ice reached its lowest monthly extent for February, at 8% below average. This marks the third consecutive month in which the sea ice extent has set a record for the corresponding month. In February 2025, Europe saw predominantly below-average precipitation; this coincided with below-average surface soil moisture in much of central and eastern Europe, south-eastern Spain and Türkiye.

Copernicus Climate Bulletin for February published on the 6 March 2025

Climate Change

Includes both the global warming driven by human emissions of greenhouse gases and the resulting large-scale shifts in weather patterns. Though there have been previous periods of climatic change since the mid-20th century the rate of human impact on Earth's climate system and its global scale have been unprecedented. The largest driver has been the emission of greenhouse gases of which more than 90% are carbon dioxide and methane. Fossil fuel burning for energy consumption is the main source of these emissions with additional contributions from agriculture deforestation and industrial processes. Temperature rise is accelerated or tempered by climate feedbacks such as loss of sunlight-reflecting snow and ice cover increased water vapour - a greenhouse gas itself - and changes to land and ocean carbon sinks. Because land surfaces heat faster than ocean surfaces deserts are expanding and heat-waves and wildfires are more common. Environmental effects include the extinction or relocation of many species as their ecosystems change most immediately in coral reefs mountains and the Arctic.